Skip to main content

Curtal Sonnet: Poetic Forms

Learn how to write the curtal sonnet, an 11-line invention of Gerard Manley Hopkins, including guidelines for writing the poetic form and an example poem.

Let's keep the pedal to the metal with the November PAD Chapbook Challenge just around the corner with today’s offering: Curtal sonnet!

Curtal Sonnet Poems

As with most poets, I once thought all sonnets had to run 14-lines and follow a rhyme scheme. If the study of poetry's taught me anything for more than two decades, it's that my assumptions usually tend to be wrong. And so here we are with this 11-line sonnet.

Gerard Manley Hopkins invented the curtal sonnet in the 19th century. The poem consists of 10 lines written in iambic pentameter and a final line consisting of a single spondee (or foot consisting of two long or stressed syllables). Here's the rhyme scheme:

Line 1: a
Line 2: b
Line 3: c
Line 4: a
Line 5: b
Line 6: c
Line 7: d
Line 8: b
Line 9: c
Line 10: d
Line 11: c

*****

The Complete Guide of Poetic Forms

Play with poetic forms!

Poetic forms are fun poetic games, and this digital guide collects more than 100 poetic forms, including more established poetic forms (like sestinas and sonnets) and newer invented forms (like golden shovels and fibs).

Click to continue.

*****

Here’s my attempt at a Curtal Sonnet:

Preparation Poem, by Robert Lee Brewer

Sparrows and cardinals fly to and fro
in a fit of preparation for what
is soon to come. Squirrels are on edge too
as if all animals are in the know--
for even alley cats and mangy mutts
can agree that winter is coming soon.
They read it in the leaves and in the stars
and feel winter's approach deep in their gut,
so they prepare to bid autumn adieu
for they know these final moments are far
too few.

Poetry Prompt

Wednesday Poetry Prompts: 721

Every Wednesday, Robert Lee Brewer shares a prompt and an example poem to get things started for poets. This week, write an only one poem.

Writer's Digest JanuaryFebruary2025

Writer's Digest January/February 2025 Cover Reveal

Presenting the January/February 2025 issue of Writer's Digest, featuring articles to help you write your next great story and an interview with Booker Prize-winner Pat Barker.

online prompt 12:10

Imperfect Day

Every writer needs a little inspiration once in a while. For today's prompt, write about a perfect day gone awry.

Joseph Knox: On the Public Explosion of Grifters

Joseph Knox: On the Public Explosion of Grifters

In this interview, bestselling author Joseph Knox discusses how his fascination with grifters helped lead to his new thriller novel, Imposter Syndrome.

One Piece of Advice From Young Adult Fiction Authors in 2024

One Piece of Advice From 15 Young Adult Fiction Authors in 2024

Collected here is one piece of advice for writers from 15 different young adult fiction authors featured in our author spotlight series in 2024, including Kara Thomas, Ronni Davis, Amanda Glaze, Desmond Hall, Tiffany Wang, Samira Ahmed, and more.

From Script

Novelist Turned Showrunner Blake Crouch (From Script)

In this week’s round up brought to us by Script magazine, novelist turned showrunner Blake Crouch shares some challenges and rewards adapting his own work.

The Allure of a Novella: Why Writers (and Readers) Should Indulge, by Tara Deal

The Allure of a Novella: Why Writers (and Readers) Should Indulge

Award-winning author Tara Deal shares a reason for writers and readers to try novellas, including four tips for writing them and a sneaky good novella reading list.

Cale Dietrich: Figure Out What Works for You

Cale Dietrich: Figure Out What Works for You

In this interview, author Cale Dietrich discusses putting a queer spin on a rom-com favorite with his new romance novel, The Rules of Royalty.

Land a Book Deal in 2025

Land a Book Deal in 2025

Think like an industry insider who makes decisions every day on what work merits print publication, plus more from Writer's Digest!